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四 · Metal — Cast at Takaoka, Toyama

The Seven Lucky Gods

Seven gods in one boat, and only one of them is Japanese.

2 pieces on the shelf ↓
The Seven Lucky Gods — Cast at Takaoka, Toyama
Cast at Takaoka, Toyama · The seven fixed by the Muromachi period

Ebisu, Daikokuten, Bishamonten, Benzaiten, Fukurokuju, Jurōjin, Hotei. They arrive together, by boat, on the night the year turns.

Only Ebisu is from here — the fisherman with a sea bream under one arm and a rod in the other hand, god of honest trade and, in Osaka, of business. Daikokuten was the Hindu Mahākāla, black and terrible, long before he was the smiling one standing on two rice bales with a mallet. Bishamonten was Vaiśravaṇa, guardian of the north, and still wears armour. Benzaiten, the only woman, was the river goddess Sarasvatī, and the water is still in her — she holds a biwa, and everything about her is music and flow. Fukurokuju and Jurōjin came out of Chinese Taoism. Hotei was a real man: Budai, a Chinese monk who died in 916 and carried everything he owned in one cloth sack.

Film · 1:00A god of destruction in your kitchen
Read the narration

A god of destruction is smiling in your kitchen. His name is Daikoku. In India he was Mahakala: black-skinned, wrathful, hung with skulls. But somewhere on the long road through China to Japan, he started smiling. Now he stands on bales of rice, with a mallet that shakes out treasure. He's one of the Seven Lucky Gods. And only one of the seven is Japanese: Ebisu, the fisherman with the sea bream. The rest came from India and China. A god of war in armour. A river goddess with a lute. And Hotei, who was a real man: a wandering monk who carried everything he owned in one sack. Every New Year, the seven sail in together on a treasure ship. So on the second night of the year, people slide a picture of that ship under their pillow. The poem printed on it reads the same forwards and backwards. And your first dream tells you what the year will bring. If you'd like the seven at home, Maison Homura can find them. Link in profile. Sweet dreams. The god of destruction is watching your rice.

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The Seven Lucky Gods — at the workshop
At the workshop
How it is made
  1. 原型Genkei

    Seven separate models, each with its own attributes fixed by four centuries of use.

  2. 鋳込みIkomi

    Cast one at a time in Takaoka, not as a group.

  3. 仕上げShiage

    Chased by hand — the faces are where a poor casting shows.

  4. 着色Chakushoku

    Coloured as a set, so the seven match when they stand together.

Nothing about that assembly is tidy. Three countries and at least three religions in a single boat. It is also exactly why the group is Japanese — they were gathered up in the Muromachi period out of whatever was to hand, and the number was fixed at seven to match the seven virtues.

The boat is the takarabune, the treasure ship. On the second night of the new year you slide a picture of it under your pillow, and whatever comes is the hatsuyume — the first dream, the one that is supposed to tell you about the year ahead.

In bronze they are almost always made as a set of seven in a fitted paulownia box, and Takaoka has been pouring them for four hundred years. Sets get split up: one god goes to a grandchild, one gets broken, one is sold alone. A complete seven, with its box and its papers, is not a common thing to find.

The seven, one at a time
恵比寿
恵比寿The only one born here. Fisherman, and the god of an honest deal.
大黒天
大黒天Was the black and terrible Mahākāla. Now: two rice bales and a mallet.
毘沙門天
毘沙門天Guardian of the north. He never took the armour off.
弁財天
弁財天The only woman. She was a river before she was a goddess, and the water is still in the music.
福禄寿
福禄寿Fortune, rank and long life — all three packed into one very tall head.
寿老人
寿老人Old age. The deer beside him is said to have lived fifteen hundred years.
布袋
布袋A real man: a Chinese monk who died in 916 and carried everything he owned in one cloth sack.
Notes
How many are Japanese
One — Ebisu
Fixed as a group
Muromachi period
Their boat
The takarabune, arriving at New Year
Sold as
A set of seven in a fitted paulownia box
About the place

In 1609 Maeda Toshinaga built a castle at Takaoka and settled seven casting families in a quarter beside it, the district still called Kanayamachi — the metal-workers' town. (Where exactly the seven came from is given differently in different accounts.) The castle was abandoned within six years. The foundry quarter was not, and it is still there.

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