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三 · Wood — Oga, Akita

Namahage mask

Not a demon. A god who comes down the mountain once a year to check on you.

On the shelf · Oga Peninsula Namahage Wall Hanging · $109 →
Namahage mask — Oga, Akita
Oga, Akita · Recorded since 1811

On the last night of the year, on the Oga peninsula in Akita, young men put on these masks and capes of rice straw and go from house to house through the snow. They stamp, they shout — "Are there any crying children? Any idlers?" — and the children of the house are genuinely frightened.

Then the head of the household sits them down, pours them sake, and formally reports on the year: who worked, who did not, who was born. The visitors accept the account, warn the family once more, and leave for the next house. It is a household audit conducted by gods in straw.

Film · 0:45Japan has a Krampus. Parents open the door for him.
Read the narration

Japan has a Krampus. But here, parents open the door for him. Every New Year's Eve in Oga, men in demon masks and straw coats go house to house, roaring: "Any crybabies? Any lazy ones?" Even the name is a threat. Sit by the fire all winter, and your shins break out in red blotches. Namomi. Namahage means "the one who peels them off." The children scream. The father steps in, pours them sake, and swears the kids will be good. But the demons carry a book. And everything in it, the parents told them, before the door ever opened. When they leave, the straw that falls from their coats is kept, for a year of good health. If you'd like one of your own, Maison Homura will go and look for it. Krampus works for Santa. The namahage works for Mom.

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  1. Write to the house. A person in Fukuoka replies, usually within a day or two.
  2. When a piece is agreed, the house sends you a private payment link, and you pay by card.
  3. It ships from Japan.

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Namahage mask — at the workshop
At the workshop
How it is made
  1. 木彫りKibori

    Older masks are carved from a single block; village masks may be papier-mâché or basket.

  2. 彩色Saishiki

    Red or blue ground, laid on thick — the mask is seen at night, by firelight.

  3. 毛付けKe-tsuke

    Hair of horsehair or straw is fixed around the whole edge.

  4. 角Tsuno

    Horns and teeth are cut separately and driven in.

They are not demons, and calling them that misses the point. They are raihōshin — visiting deities who come from the mountain at the turn of the year, and the fright is the price of the blessing they leave behind.

The masks are carved village by village and no two villages agree. Some are red, some blue-black, some have horns and some none at all; the older ones were made of colander bases, wood, or paper over a mould, whatever the house had. The straw capes shed as they walk, and a fallen strand picked up off the floor is kept for luck.

Namahage mask — from the right
From the right
Walk around it
Namahage mask — FrontNamahage mask — LeftNamahage mask — BackNamahage mask — Right
Notes
Where
Oga peninsula, Akita
When
New Year's Eve, 31 December
First written
Sugae Masumi's travel record, 1811
Listed
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, 2018
About the place

A peninsula that pushes out into the Sea of Japan, with a mountain in the middle and villages around the rim. On the last night of the year the young men of each village climb into straw capes and carved masks and go from door to door through the snow, and the children scream.

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